Hemangiomas: A Bright Red Birthmark That Appears At Birth.
The interesting case of a child with multiple infantile cutaneous hemangiomas! A hemangioma is a bright red birthmark that appears at birth or in the first or second week of life. They look like a rubber bump and proliferate both through the growth of existing vessels and de Novo blood vessel formation.
Infantile hemangiomas are benign vascular neoplasms that are the most common head and neck tumours in childhood, characterized by a period of growth after birth and eventual spontaneous involution.
They can occur virtually anywhere, but most are found in the head and neck regions. Although most hemangiomas are benign and require no intervention. intervention is warranted for large disfiguring injuries that impair vital functions.
They are characteristically small or absent at birth. During the first year of life, they have a proliferative phase with progressive enlargement, followed by a stationary period. A progressive involution that occurs during early childhood.
Up to 50% involute at 5 years and 70% at the age of 7 years. Cutaneous hemangiomas can present as bleaching skin lesions that develop fine telangiectasias and can appear as a red macule with a bleaching halo before they involve.
Deep or subcutaneous hemangiomas may appear as bluish nodules or plaques. Extracutaneous hemangiomas present as lumps. Many hemangiomas disappear after 5 years, and most disappear after 10 years. The skin may discolour or slightly rise after the hemangioma fades.
If treatment is to be implemented, options include anti-angiogenesis medications such as propranolol, embolization, sclerotherapy, radiation therapy, cryotherapy, laser therapy, and surgical excision.